電纜橋架的選擇

　　Selection of cable tray

　　1.1 結(jié)構(gòu)類型選擇：

　　1.1 Structural Type Selection:

　　1.1.1 槽式橋架：槽式橋架是一種全封閉型橋架。它適用于規(guī)劃計(jì)算機(jī)電纜、通訊電纜、熱電偶電纜及其他高靈敏體系的操控電纜等。它對(duì)操控電纜的屏蔽攪擾和重腐蝕中環(huán)境電纜的防護(hù)都有較好的效果。

　　1.1.1 Slot type cable tray: Slot type cable tray is a fully enclosed type of cable tray. It is most suitable for planning control cables for computer cables, communication cables, thermocouple cables, and other highly sensitive systems. It has good effects on shielding and protecting cables from interference and heavy corrosion in the environment.

　　1.1.2 梯級(jí)式橋架：一般適用于直徑較大電纜的敷設(shè)，特別適用于高、低壓動(dòng)力電纜的敷設(shè)。具有重量輕、成本低、造型別具、安裝方便、散熱、透氣性好等有等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

　　1.1.2 Cascade cable tray: generally suitable for laying cables with larger diameters, especially for laying high and low voltage power cables. It has advantages such as light weight, low cost, unique design, convenient installation, good heat dissipation, and breathability.

　　1.1.3 托盤式橋架：由帶散熱孔的底板和與底板為一個(gè)整體的側(cè)板組成或由帶散熱孔的底板與底板連接的側(cè)板組成的槽形組件，優(yōu)勢(shì)在于載荷大和散熱好，主要就是用于鋪設(shè)截面大但是數(shù)量比較小的電力電纜，托盤式橋架由于開了散熱孔，托盤式橋架板材的厚度建議要更厚些。

　　1.1.3 Tray type cable tray: A trough component composed of a bottom plate with heat dissipation holes and a side plate integrated with the bottom plate, or a side plate connected to the bottom plate with heat dissipation holes. Its advantages are large load and good heat dissipation. It is mainly used for laying power cables with large cross-sections but small quantities. Due to the opening of heat dissipation holes, the thickness of the tray type cable tray plate is recommended to be thicker.

　　1.1.4 組合式電纜橋架：是一種新型橋架，是電纜橋架系列中的第二代產(chǎn)品。它適用各項(xiàng)工程、各種單位、各種電纜的敷設(shè)，它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、配置靈活、安裝方便、形式新穎等特點(diǎn)。

　　1.1.4 Combination cable tray: It is a new type of cable tray and the second generation product in the cable tray series. It is suitable for laying various projects, units, and cables. It has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible configuration, convenient installation, and novel form.

　　1.2 材料選擇

　　1.2 Material selection

　　1.2.1 鋼質(zhì)電纜橋架：具有出色的強(qiáng)度和耐久性，能夠承受重量和各種環(huán)境條件的影響?？梢栽陂L(zhǎng)期使用和惡劣環(huán)境中保持穩(wěn)定的結(jié)構(gòu)；能夠承受大量電纜的重量，包括較大直徑和重型電纜。能夠提供穩(wěn)固的支撐和保護(hù)，確保電纜不會(huì)下垂或受到損壞；鋼材具有較高的耐火性能，可以提供較高的火災(zāi)性；具有良好的電磁屏蔽性能，可以減少或阻止電磁干擾對(duì)電纜的影響。這對(duì)于需要保護(hù)敏感電子設(shè)備或信號(hào)傳輸?shù)膽?yīng)用非常重要。

　　1.2.1 Steel cable tray: It has excellent strength and durability, and can withstand the influence of weight and various environmental conditions. Can maintain stable structure in long-term use and harsh environments; Capable of withstanding a large amount of cable weight, including larger diameter and heavy-duty cables. Can provide stable support and protection to ensure that cables do not sag or be damaged; Steel has high fire resistance and can provide high fire safety; Having good electromagnetic shielding performance, it can reduce or prevent the impact of electromagnetic interference on cables. This is crucial for applications that require the protection of sensitive electronic devices or signal transmission.

　　1.2.2 鋁合金電纜橋架：鋁合金電纜橋架由鋁合金擠壓成型，尺寸精度高、強(qiáng)度好、重量輕、承載能力大（其中）大跨距盤式直通可以滿足6米的承載力、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、安裝方便、外形美觀、式樣獨(dú)特，鋁合金電纜橋架表面噴砂氧化生成一層天然的氧化保護(hù)膜，對(duì)大氣和化學(xué)介質(zhì)具有很強(qiáng)的耐腐蝕能力。

　　1.2.2 Aluminum alloy cable tray: Aluminum alloy cable tray is extruded from aluminum alloy, with high dimensional accuracy, good strength, light weight, and large bearing capacity. The large-span disc type straight through can meet a bearing capacity of 6 meters, has a simple structure, convenient installation, beautiful appearance, and unique style. The surface of aluminum alloy cable tray is sandblasted and oxidized to form a natural oxide protective film, which has strong corrosion resistance to atmospheric and chemical media.

　　1.2.3 玻璃鋼電纜橋架：主要材質(zhì)是玻璃纖維、增強(qiáng)塑料和阻燃劑；自重比較輕，承載能力，使用壽命比較長(zhǎng)，但是鋼制電纜橋架的3倍。玻璃鋼電纜橋架重要的特點(diǎn)就是在安裝的時(shí)不需使用火，使得玻璃鋼電纜橋架在爆炸危險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中的應(yīng)用特別大。玻璃鋼電纜橋架常被用于維修起來比較麻煩的地方，比如在容易受到大氣腐蝕的室外建筑上、化工廠、海邊、隧道等。

　　1.2.3 Fiberglass cable tray: The main materials are fiberglass, reinforced plastic, and flame retardant; It has a relatively light weight, strong load-bearing capacity, and a relatively long service life, but its price is three times that of steel cable trays. The most important feature of fiberglass cable trays is that they do not require the use of fire during installation, making them particularly suitable for use in explosive hazardous environments. Fiberglass cable trays are often used in places where maintenance is difficult, such as outdoor buildings that are prone to atmospheric corrosion, chemical plants, beaches, tunnels, etc.

　　1.2.4 不銹鋼電纜橋架：采用的是304不銹鋼材質(zhì)經(jīng)過裁剪、折彎制作而成的一種橋架，不銹鋼電纜橋架具有非常耐腐蝕、耐沖擊、不易銹蝕的特點(diǎn)。

　　1.2.4 Stainless steel cable tray: It is a type of tray made of 304 stainless steel material that has been cut and bent. Stainless steel cable trays have the characteristics of being very corrosion-resistant, impact resistant, and not easily corroded.

　　1.3 表面防腐層類別選擇

　　1.3 Selection of types of surface anti-corrosion coatings

　　1.3.1 熱浸鋅電纜橋架：將鋼構(gòu)件侵入600°C左右高溫融化的鋅液中，使得橋架表面附著厚厚的鋅層。適用于室外重腐蝕環(huán)境，造價(jià)高

　　1.3.1 Hot dip galvanized cable tray: Immerse steel components into a molten zinc solution at around 600 ° C, causing a thick zinc layer to adhere to the surface of the tray. Suitable for outdoor heavily corrosive environments with high cost

　　1.3.2 冷浸鋅電纜橋架：利用電解反應(yīng)將鋅離子析出,鍍覆在鋼材基體表面,形成較薄的鋅鍍層。抗腐蝕性能較弱,僅適用于輕度腐蝕環(huán)境，造價(jià)一般。

　　1.3.2 Cold dip zinc cable tray: Using electrolytic reaction to precipitate zinc ions, coating them on the surface of the steel substrate, forming a relatively thin zinc coating. Weak corrosion resistance, only suitable for mild corrosive environments, with average cost.

　　1.3.3 噴塑橋架：經(jīng)過表面加工一層靜電粉末噴塑而成，使得橋架表面光滑亦可根據(jù)環(huán)境選擇搭配顏色，有抗腐蝕、耐磨、防水等性能。安裝適用于室內(nèi)常溫干燥環(huán)境，一般。

　　1.3.3 Spray coated cable tray: It is made by surface processing with a layer of electrostatic powder spray coating, making the surface of the cable tray smooth. It can also be matched with colors according to the environment, and has anti-corrosion, wear-resistant, waterproof and other properties. The installation is suitable for indoor normal temperature and dry environments, and the price is average.

　　1.4 防火等級(jí)選擇

　　1.4 Fire protection level selection

　　電纜橋架在有防火要求的區(qū)段內(nèi)，可在電纜梯架、托盤內(nèi)添加具有耐火或難燃性能的板、網(wǎng)等材料構(gòu)成封閉或半封閉式結(jié)構(gòu)，并采取在橋架及其支吊架表面涂刷防火涂層等措施，其整體耐火性能應(yīng)滿足有關(guān)規(guī)范或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。

　　In sections with fire protection requirements, cable trays can be enclosed or semi enclosed by adding fire-resistant or flame-retardant materials such as boards and nets to cable ladders and trays. Measures such as applying fire-resistant coatings on the surface of the cable tray and its supports and hangers should be taken, and its overall fire resistance performance should meet the requirements of relevant national regulations or standards.

　　在工程防火要求較高的場(chǎng)所，不宜采用鋁合金電纜橋架。

　　Aluminum alloy cable trays should not be used in places with high requirements for fire prevention in engineering.

　　1.5 規(guī)格尺寸選擇

　　1.5 Specification and Size Selection

　　電纜橋架規(guī)格選擇主要考慮以下幾個(gè)方面:

　　The selection of cable tray specifications mainly considers the following aspects:

　　1.5.1 電纜填充率：電纜總截面積與托盤內(nèi)橫斷面積的比值，電力電纜不應(yīng)大于40%；控制電纜不應(yīng)大于50%。

　　1.5.1 Cable filling rate: The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the cable to the cross-sectional area inside the tray, for power cables, should not exceed 40%; Control cables should not exceed 50%.

　　1.5.2 承載能力: 所選電纜橋架的工作載荷應(yīng)滿足工作載荷要求。

　　1.5.2 Bearing capacity: The safe working load of the selected cable tray should meet the working load requirements.

　　根據(jù)《T 10216-2013 電控配電用電纜橋架》、《T/CECS 31-2017 鋼制電纜橋架工程技術(shù)規(guī)程》規(guī)定：

　　According to T 10216-2013 Electrical Control Distribution Cable Tray and T/CECS 31-2017 Steel Cable Tray Engineering Technical Regulations:

　　實(shí)際跨距下的允許工作載荷計(jì)算:

　　Calculation of allowable working load under actual span:

　　qG ≤ qE*(L/LG)2

　　QG ≤ qE * (L/LG) 2

　　其中：qG - 允許工作載荷(N/m)

　　Among them: qG - allowable working load (N/m)

　　qE - 產(chǎn)品工作載荷(N/m)

　　QE - Product Safety Working Load (N/m)

　　L - 產(chǎn)品規(guī)定跨距(m)

　　L - Product specified span (m)

　　LG - 實(shí)際跨距(m)

　　LG - Actual span (m)

　　1.5.3 撓度:在工作載荷下,電纜橋架的相對(duì)撓度不應(yīng)大于其跨距的1/200。

　　1.5.3 Deflection: Under safe working load, the relative deflection of cable trays should not exceed 1/200 of their span.

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